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The Italian Vineyard
GIANFRANCO TEMPESTA
MONICA FIORILO
THE ITALIAN VINEYARD - ENOTRIA TELLUS
- VITICULTURE AND TERRITORY
- TERRITORIAL VALUES
2.a. Evolution of viticulture per district, viticultural settlement and dispersed viticulture
At the same time, viticulture has become concentrated in suitable areas - often coinciding with traditional areas - and with a steady link between quality and territory, forming a network that includes areas we refer to as “Districts” . (1).
Each district has a distinct identity, a unique typicity, origin and gives rise to a local economy linked to vine growing and winemaking production that can compete on an equal footing in the arduous world marketing.
Some areas with equally deep-rooted traditions, typically small in size and unable to achieve continuity on world markets, we refer to as “viticultural settlements,” with regional and sometimes national success.
At the same time, little productive “marginal viticulture” has slowly disappeared. This process began to speed up when it was no longer possible to vinify table grapes (Abruzzo used to be able to use 10t/ha for this purpose). Unfortunately, this helped the survival of viticulture in this and other areas in the south that cultivated vines without precise ethical and commercial strategies.
Table 4.17 Evolution of viticulture by district, settlement and dispersed viticulture per province and macro-region outlines the classification of vineyards in Italy.
(1) The “industrial district” is defined as “… a particular grouping of businesses specialised in a complex production processand closely linked to the system of social, institutional and environmental relations, established, consolidated and organised, in time and space, among the players present in the area and the area itself.” (Zucchetti S.2002) As for the vinegrowing sector, the “district” entails an economic capital gain thanks to those commercial values and image that have been consolidated over time; similarly, it is seen as a system of traditions and links with the area that takes on the value of marketing.
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